1.UI控件
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def func_slider(val): print("进度条", val) def func_button(event): print("按钮", type(event)) def func_radiobtn(label): print("单选选中了", label) def func_checkbtn(label): status = checkBtn.get_status() print("复选框选中状态", status) def func_textbox(text): print("文本框", text) import matplotlib.pyplot as plt import matplotlib.widgets as wdg # === 进度条 === slider = wdg.Slider( # ax=plt.axes([0.1, 0.05, 0.4, 0.03]), # 窗口百分比位置，相对于左下角。left, bottom, width, height label="进度条", # 文字。文字在ax范围之外左边 valmin=10, # 最小值 valmax=1000, # 最大值 valinit=100, # 基准线值 valstep=1) # 步长 # === 按钮 === button = wdg.Button( # ax=plt.axes([0.6, 0.05, 0.3, 0.05]), # label='点击按钮试试', # color='r', # hovercolor='0.975') # # === 单选按钮 === radioBtn = wdg.RadioButtons( # ax=plt.axes([0.1, 0.2, 0.4, 0.3]), # labels=("男的", "女的", "同体的"), # 一组单选按钮的文字 active=1, # 默认选中的-'女的' activecolor='blue') # 选中按钮的颜色 # === 多选按钮 === checkBtn = wdg.CheckButtons( # ax=plt.axes( # [0.1, 0.6, 0.4, 0.3], # facecolor='g'), # labels=('语文', '数学', '英语'), # 一组复选框的文字 actives=(False, False, False)) # 选中状态 # === 标尺 === ax = plt.axes([0.1, 0.6, 0.4, 0.3]) # 覆盖在复选框面板上。会拦截事件。 ax.patch.set_alpha(0.1) # 设置背景几乎完全透明 lineprops = {"color": "y", # 线条颜色 "lw": 1} # 线条粗细 cursor = wdg.Cursor( # 标尺 ax=plt.axes([0.6, 0.2, 0.3, 0.3]), # 位置 # ax=ax, # horizOn=True, # 显示水平线 vertOn=True, # 显示垂直线 useblit=False, # 硬件加速 **lineprops) # 线条样式设置 # === 文本框 === textbox = wdg.TextBox( # 单行显示，不可换行 ax=plt.axes([0.6, 0.6, 0.3, 0.05]), # 位置 label="文本框", # 说明文字 initial='input sth', # 初始输入的文字 color='.95', # 颜色 hovercolor='1', # 鼠标滑过变色 label_pad=.01) # 内边距 # --- 添加事件 --- slider.on_changed(func_slider) button.on_clicked(func_button) radioBtn.on_clicked(func_radiobtn) checkBtn.on_clicked(func_checkbtn) textbox.on_text_change(func_textbox) plt.show() |
区间滑杆
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import matplotlib.pyplot as plt import matplotlib.widgets as wdg release_range=None def on_rangeslider_release(event): print('鼠标放开') print(release_range) # 鼠标拖到过程中，此方法持续回调 def func_range_slider(val): global release_range release_range = (val[0], val[1]) # type(val) ndarray # print('x=%s, y=%s'%(val[0], val[1])) rangeSlider = wdg.RangeSlider( ax=plt.axes([0.1, 0.05, 0.4, 0.03]), # 位置 label="区间条", # 标签 valmin=0, # 最小值 valmax=100, # 最大值 valinit=None, # 初始参照点，默认(25%,75%) dragging=True, # 默认True支持滑动，过程中也回调 valstep=1, # 步长 orientation="horizontal", # 水平操作。vertical垂直操作。 ) rangeSlider.on_changed(func_range_slider) rangeSlider.connect_event('button_release_event', on_rangeslider_release) rangeSlider.valtext.set_visible(False) # 隐藏 区间值尾巴 plt.show() |
复式标尺
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import matplotlib.pyplot as plt import matplotlib.widgets as wdg fig, (ax1, ax2) = plt.subplots(nrows=2, sharex=True) # sharex子块图使用相同的x轴坐标 ax1.plot([1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6], [3, 4, 5, 1, 2, 6]) ax2.plot([3, 4, 5, 6, 2, 1], [3, 1, 6, 2, 4, 5]) multi = wdg.MultiCursor( # 复式标尺 fig.canvas, # 画布 (ax1, ax2), # 子面板 horizOn=True, # 水平线 vertOn=True, # 垂直线 color='r', # 线条颜色 lw=10, # 线条粗细 linestyle='--') # 线条样式 plt.show() |
2.选择器
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import copy import matplotlib.pyplot as plt import matplotlib.widgets as wdg from matplotlib import patches from matplotlib.path import Path x = [0.0304, 0.2304, 0.3764, 0.5043, 0.6305, 0.9049] y = [0.5457, 0.3097, 0.2045, 0.4017, 0.0708, 0.4984] ax = plt.gca() points = ax.scatter(x, y, s=133, c='g') # matplotlib.collections.PathCollection point_offsets = points.get_offsets().tolist() # 全部点的坐标 二维数组 [ 点[x,y], 点[x,y], ...]。numpy的arry转为普通list point_colors = points.get_facecolors().tolist() # 如果全部点的fc是相同的，numpy内部复用返回的二维数组仅1个fc [ 点[fc] ]。[[r, g, b, a]] if 1 == len(point_colors): # 补齐每个点的fc point_colors = [[j for j in point_colors[0]] for i in range(len(point_offsets))] # [ rgba[0.12, 0.47, 0.70, 1.0], 同, 同, 同, 同 , 同 ] old_point_colors = copy.deepcopy(point_colors) # 套索选择事件 def func_lasso(vertices): print("套索选择") # print('套索圈起的点', verts) # [(x, y), 【...n个点...】] selected_path = Path(vertices) # 鼠标选择的区域 ps = selected_path.contains_points(point_offsets) # 全部点的选中状态选择的true。[true, fase, ...] show_selected(ps) # 跨轴选择事件 def func_span(vmin, vmax): print("跨轴选择") # print('轴范围 %s - %s' % (vmin, vmax)) # 本例direction='vertical'，选择的y轴范围 0.0618 - 0.2024 vertices = [ # 图形矩阵，从左下顺时针确定顶点。本例direction='vertical'，x轴占满 (0, vmin), # 左下角 (0, vmax), # 左上角 (1, vmax), # 右上角 (1, vmin), # 右下角 (0, vmin)] # 出发点，封闭 selected_path = Path(vertices) # 鼠标选择的区域 ps = selected_path.contains_points(point_offsets) show_selected(ps) # # selector.stay_rect.set_visible(False) # 框选选择事件 def func_rectangle(event_press, event_release): print("框选") x1 = event_press.xdata # 无论鼠标什么方向选择，返回的都是图形左下角 y1 = event_press.ydata x2 = event_release.xdata # 右上角 y2 = event_release.ydata btn = event_press.button # MouseButton.LEFT rect = patches.Rectangle( # xy=(x1, y1), # width=x2 - x1, # height=y2 - y1, # ) ps = rect.contains_points(point_offsets) show_selected(ps) # 钢笔区域选择事件 def func_polygon(vertices): print("钢笔选择") # print(vertices) # 全部锚点 [(x,y), (x,y), ((x,y), ...)] selected_path = Path(vertices) # 鼠标选择的区域 ps = selected_path.contains_points(point_offsets) show_selected(ps) global is_func_polygon_finish is_func_polygon_finish = True # 全局鼠标事件，配合钢笔区域选择事件 def on_polygon_key_release(event): global is_func_polygon_finish if is_func_polygon_finish: event.key = 'escape' selector.on_key_press(event) selector.on_key_release(event) is_func_polygon_finish = False # 圆形区域选择事件 def func_ellipse(event_press, event_release): print("圆圈选择") # (event_press.xdata, event_press.ydata)) # (0.015609, 0.013259) # (event_release.xdata, event_release.ydata)) # (0.201179, 0.402416) # event_press.button) # 用的键是 MouseButton.LEFT ext = selector.extents ellipse = patches.Ellipse( # xy=selector.center, # width=ext[1] - ext[0], # height=ext[3] - ext[2]) ps = ellipse.contains_points(point_offsets) show_selected(ps) # 显示选择的标记 def show_selected(ps): no_selected = True # point_colors = copy.deepcopy(old_point_colors) for i in range(len(ps)): if ps[i]: # 选中的图形为True point_colors[i] = [1, 0, 0, 1] no_selected = False if no_selected: points.set_facecolors(old_point_colors) else: points.set_facecolors(point_colors) ax.figure.canvas.draw_idle() # === 自由套索选择 === selector = wdg.LassoSelector( # ax=plt.gca(), # 面板 onselect=func_lasso, # 事件处理 lineprops={ # "color": "red", # 鼠标划出的线的颜色 "lw": 1}) # 线的粗细 # # === 跨轴范围选择 === selector = wdg.SpanSelector( # ax=plt.gca(), # 面板 onselect=func_span, # 事件处理 direction='vertical', # horizontal只返回x轴坐标，此时y轴全选；vertical返回y轴坐标，x轴范围全选 # span_stays=True, # 鼠标释放后仍显示选择区域 rectprops=dict(alpha=0.5, facecolor='green')) # === 框选选择 === selector = wdg.RectangleSelector( # ax=plt.gca(), # 面板 onselect=func_rectangle, # 事件处理 ) # === PhotoShop钢笔选择 === selector = wdg.PolygonSelector( # ax=plt.gca(), # 面板 onselect=func_polygon, # 事件处理 markerprops={ # 锚点的内圆 # "alpha": 1, # 内圆透明度 # "marker": "p", # 内圆样式 # "mfc": "red", # 内圆填充色 # "markersize": 8, # 内圆大小 # "mec": "b", # 内圆描边颜色 # "markeredgewidth": 1, # 内圆描边粗细 }, # lineprops={ # 锚点的外圆 # "marker": "o", # 外圆样式 # "markersize": 15, # 外圆大小 # "markerfacecolor": "b", # 外圆填充色 # "alpha": 1, # 外圆透明度 # "color": "y", # 连线颜色 # "linestyle": ":", # 连线样式 # "linewidth": 5, # 连线粗细 # "markeredgewidth": 2, # 外圆描边粗细 # "markeredgecolor": "m", # 外圆描边色 } # ) is_func_polygon_finish = False # 模拟escape按键，关闭钢笔选择路径 selector.connect_event('button_release_event', on_polygon_key_release) # 模拟escape按键关闭选择路径 # === 圆形区域选择 === selector = wdg.EllipseSelector( # ax=plt.gca(), # 面板 onselect=func_ellipse, # 事件处理 drawtype='box', # box色块-默认, line线框, none无显示 lineprops={ # drawtype为line的线框样式 "color": "red", # 鼠标划出的线的颜色 "lw": 10}, rectprops=dict( # drawtype为box的线框样式 facecolor="blue", edgecolor="red", alpha=0.9, fill=True) # ) plt.show() |
3.交互事件
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import matplotlib.pyplot as plt fig, ax = plt.subplots() y = [0.580327, 0.39728124, 0.8120487, 0.91627899, 0.79692209, 0.14120327] line, = ax.plot(y, marker='*', linestyle='', markersize=10) # picker=5已废弃，使用markersize line.set_picker(True) # 开启可选，否则pick_event事件不响应 def getEventMouse(event): print('鼠标按下', event.key) # 鼠标事件触发时按下的键，值范围同键盘事件KeyEvent中的key属性。 print('鼠标键', event.button) # 按下的鼠标按钮，值范围为：None、1、2、3、up、down（up、down用于滚动事件）。 print('双击', event.dblclick) # dblclick：表示是否双击，布尔值。 def getEventKey(event): print('键盘键', event.key) # 按下的键，值范围为：None、任何字符、'shift'、win或者control。 def getEventPosition(event): print('鼠标距离原点x', event.x) # 距离画布左端的像素数 print('鼠标距离原点y', event.y) # 距离画布底端的像素数 print('处于坐标系', event.inaxes) # 是否处于坐标系中，是则为鼠标所处于的子图实例，否则为None print('鼠标x', event.xdata) # 鼠标的x坐标 print('鼠标y', event.ydata) # 鼠标的y坐标 def getDrawWH(event): w, h = event.renderer.get_canvas_width_height() print('窗口大小', (w, h)) def getResizeWH(event): w = event.width h = event.height print('窗口缩放', (w, h)) def getPickArtist(event): art = event.artist xdata = art.get_xdata() ydata = art.get_ydata() ind = event.ind points = tuple(zip(xdata[ind], ydata[ind])) print('点中的图形位置', points) def onclick(event): print(event.name) if 'axes_enter_event' == event.name: getEventPosition(event) elif 'axes_leave_event' == event.name: getEventPosition(event) elif 'figure_enter_event' == event.name: getEventPosition(event) elif 'figure_leave_event' == event.name: getEventPosition(event) elif 'button_press_event' == event.name: getEventPosition(event) getEventMouse(event) elif 'button_release_event' == event.name: getEventPosition(event) getEventMouse(event) elif 'motion_notify_event' == event.name: getEventPosition(event) getEventMouse(event) elif 'scroll_event' == event.name: getEventPosition(event) getEventMouse(event) elif 'key_press_event' == event.name: getEventPosition(event) getEventKey(event) elif 'key_release_event' == event.name: getEventPosition(event) getEventKey(event) elif 'draw_event' == event.name: getDrawWH(event) elif 'resize_event' == event.name: getResizeWH(event) elif 'pick_event' == event.name: getPickArtist(event) cid = fig.canvas.mpl_connect('axes_enter_event', onclick) # LocationEvent 鼠标进入新的轴域 cid = fig.canvas.mpl_connect('axes_leave_event', onclick) # LocationEvent 鼠标离开轴域 cid = fig.canvas.mpl_connect('figure_enter_event', onclick) # LocationEvent 鼠标进入窗口/图形 cid = fig.canvas.mpl_connect('figure_leave_event', onclick) # LocationEvent 鼠标离开图形 cid = fig.canvas.mpl_connect('button_press_event', onclick) # MouseEvent 鼠标按键 按下 cid = fig.canvas.mpl_connect('button_release_event', onclick) # MouseEvent 鼠标按键 释放-弹起 cid = fig.canvas.mpl_connect('motion_notify_event', onclick) # MouseEvent 鼠标在窗口/图形内移动 cid = fig.canvas.mpl_connect('scroll_event', onclick) # MouseEvent 鼠标滚轮被滚动 cid = fig.canvas.mpl_connect('key_press_event', onclick) # KeyEvent 键盘按键 按下 cid = fig.canvas.mpl_connect('key_release_event', onclick) # KeyEvent 键盘按键 释放 cid = fig.canvas.mpl_connect('draw_event', onclick) # DrawEvent 窗口打开，画布绘图了 cid = fig.canvas.mpl_connect('resize_event', onclick) # ResizeEvent 窗口/画布大小改变，之后会draw_event cid = fig.canvas.mpl_connect('pick_event', onclick) # PickEvent 画布中的对象被选中 plt.show() |
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声明
本文由崔维友 威格灵 cuiweiyou vigiles cuiweiyou 原创，转载请注明出处：http://www.gaohaiyan.com/3008.html
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